Water Resource Should Be Nationalized

piddle RESOURCES SHOULD BE NATIONALIZED INTRODUCTION pee resources argon sources of piddle that be useful. The valets is fast running prohibited of usable pee. Anthropogenic activities are depleting and polluting this mortal well spring of life at a startling rate. The array ineffective management of water ignores the potential of conservation and embraces the chimeric ersatz of convert magnitude supply. Degraded watersheds, drying local pond systems, shrinking canal profitss, and wetland adulteration as a result of anthropogenic activity and climate diversify relegate water to the status of scarce commodity. The ever-increasing stress caused by population growth and concomitant increased agriculture and industrial demands for water has created an probable scenario of water fiddlingage that requires augmentation. The assessed needs could be met with more(prenominal) effectual function of intra-basin resources, except in case of Cauvery and Vaigai basins wher e limited water ravishs could take interpose by transferring water from Godavari River. Despite this report, plans were floated to combat water deficits by conveyance of title surpluses to water deficient locations.Various political sorties and Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) members in Tamil Nadu felt up that linking river water resources could enhance the realization of water needs. These political pressures pushed the proposal for con playd, star to Supreme Court direction to the g every overnment of India demanding that the government take locomote to interlink certain study rivers of the country by the division 2012, spell out the beginning of the Interlinking of Rivers Project. WHAT IS NATIONALIZATION OF WATER RESOURCES?The rivers unraveling from the trades union to mho are non hundred per cent utilised by the individual states efficiently. Because whatsoever state may need water and some may not need depending upon the geographical location, requirement, agricul ture etc. So the unused water from these rivers are directed to the sea. So what the government has intend is to subject areaize the rivers by constructing a water channel from north to south , want how the national full(prenominal)ways are in that location in our country , we go away have the water highway routes in the form of the channels. INTERLINKING OF RIVERS wholly ancient civilizations over world were born, bred, flourished and advanced by the river banks. Rivers are, therefore, an integral part not all of human foundation nevertheless the very existence of life on our planet The Earth. Indian culture owes its mastery to the rivers which are the life and blood of the nation. That is why they are worshiped as goddesses on the whole over the country. Role of rivers in human life and now in national development, progress and prosperity, development of agriculture, science, technology or industry is beyond description.In olden days when there was no problem of overpopu lation water resources provided by these rivers were sufficient for the population living by the banks. But with the ever increasing burden of population and multiplicity of demand for water for various purposes ranging from plain needs to industrial needs and for generation of power judicious work of this born(p) resource has become an absolute necessity. India is a country with vast population with extremes of climate, different topography, varied types of soils, annual rainwater ranging from 5 cm to more than 1000 cm. ome part facing the havoc of runs and other separate thirsty for rain drops. Hence a scheme for effective and efficient management of water resources was prepared which envisages interlinking of 37 national rivers finished 30 colligate across 9600 km with 32 connecting dams. The apex court of India has issued a directive to the government of India to interlink these rivers within a closure of 10 years. The government on its part has set up a task force und er former power minister, Suresh Prabhu to build national consensus, work out detailed plans and to see that the entire work is end by the year 2016.In view of the director general of National Water Development Agency (NWDA) the interlinking of rivers should be based upon- INTER-BASIN TRANSFER Inter-basin transfer is an outstanding example of effective and efficient management of water resources on the basis of need of the people Interbasin transfer or transbasin diversion are (often hyphenated) terms used to describe man-made conveyance schemes which move water from one river basin where it is gettable, to another basin where water is less available or could be utilized better for human development.The purpose of such(prenominal)(prenominal) designed schemes can be to alleviate water shortages in the receiving basin, to bring forth electricity, or both. The national water development agency (NWDA) has estimated that the advise would cost Rs. 5, 60,000 cores at 2002 prices. The devise Inter basin transfer aims to deliver 173 cardinal cubic meter of water with a 12,500 km maze of canals which would irrigate 34 million hectares of land and would supply drinking water to 101 districts and five metro cities. THE NWDA HAS DIVIDED THE INTERLINKING OF RIVER PROJECT INTO cardinal PRIMARY COMPONENTS 1.THE HIMALAYAN COMPONENT PROPOSING A CONSTRUCTION OF 14 CANALS The project intends to link the bramaputra and its tri only ifaries with the ganga and the ganga with the Mahanadi river to transfer surplus water from east to west. The scheme envisages flood control in the ganga and brahmaputra basins and a reduction in water deficits for umpteen states which is estimated to cost Rs. 3, 75, 000 core. 2. THE PENINSULAR COMPONENT WITH A PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF16 CANALS. River interlinks are envisaged to earn the states of Orissa, Karnataka,Tamil nadu,Gujarat,Pondicherry,and maharastra. he linkage of the Mahanadi and Godavari rivers is proposed to feed the Krishna, pennar,cauvery,and vaigai rivers. Transfer of water from Godavari and Krishna entails pumping 1200 cusecs of water over a crest of about 116 meters. Interlinking the ken with the Betwa, Parbati, Kalisindh, and Chambal rivers is proposed to benefit Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. The river links to cost Rs. 1, 85, 000 cores. It is planned to transfer 141 km3/yr through peninsular India and 33 km3/yr Himalayan links essentially for redistribution in the Ganga basin and to westbound India.Only small volume of water can be transferred from the Brahmaputra basin. Thus in totality 1660 km3/yr of development water resource can be created which can take care of any exigencies. THE BENEFICIARIES OF RIVER LINKING The politically important friendship for drawing up the river linking plan was the emergence of major national and multinational industries and rapid urbanization in legion(predicate) an(prenominal) of the low water handiness natural regions of the west and south. It was purporte d as well as to help the commercial farming buttonhole for sugarcane.A case of mortgaging the nations future for a miniscule pie-eyed population. The plan is aimed at ending the flood problems of the Gangs and Brahmaputra and at the corresponding measure solving the drought problem in southern India by laughable surplus water of the snow-fed rivers to the rain fed Peninsular river. Help block floods in north and east, drought in south and west of the country. India depends to a great extent on monsoon. Interlinking bequeath help irrigation, which in turn depart help increase the crop yields by making farmers less subject on monsoon and ensuring a year long water supply.These worlds bring an extra 35 million hectares under irrigation whereby per capita food grain consumption would be doubled in spite of the increase in population. This interlinking of rivers lead provide food security to the country. Additional 34,000 k. w. electricity will be generated against the prese nt 24,000 k. w. I. e. it will be more than doubled. This would give an impetus to the industrial sector as well. It will not just be a linking of rivers but a linking of lives. It will promote national integration. River transports is not only cheaper but to a fault a non-polluting transport alternative.This has been a success in Europe. Experts suggest that even canals can be used for moving onus between the states. Interlinking of rivers will generate employment opportunities all over the country especially in agriculture sector, power, transport and construction works. This project alone can enhance the GPD by 4%. Above all migration from rural areas will reduce which would reduce congestion in urban areas. Decentralization of industries would be a natural phenomenon with the availability of water and power. hurdling IN INTERLINKING OF RIVERSUndoubtedly, interlinking of rivers would provide innumerable facilities and comforts but certain hurdles are bound to arise in the capit al punishment of the project. In the first instance many canals will pass through national parks and sanctuaries and many people may be displaced by the building of dams and canals. The construction of reservoirs and dams may swallow up the natural habitats of godforsaken life and the ecology of the country may be subjected to unknown consequences. gravid areas under forests may be submerged under water.According to some scientists monsoon rains come all over the country at one and the same time, hence interlinking rivers may cause floods. Then rivers alike(p) Ganga and Brahmaputra are international rivers, hence consent of adjacent countries like Nepal and Bangladesh would be a necessity for the completion of the project. Country is already facing a trash over sharing of Kaveri river water. Further conflicts may arise between the states on the issue of sharing of water between them. Dams tend to sometimes provoke he condition of floods They cause water logging and soils become salty and unsuitable for crops if floodwater from the east is transferred to other areas the biodiversity of these regions will be affected the plants evolution in these regions will die, many animal and bird species that live there will become extinct. the severe drought during summer in many separate of the country is due to mismanagement of water and not because a lack of it. Steps should be taken to conserve water at the local level instead. Finally financing of the project will not be so easy.FUDAMENTAL OBJECTIONS TO RIVER LINKING 1. Linking of rivers violates the natural laws governing the life support system, and natural dynamics and discounts the bounties provided by river systems. 2. The issue of flood plains and spill basins by human interference has caused devastating floods. River linking shall enhance this side. 3. Man-made dams, reservoirs, and artificial lakes that are to be project ingredients would rob the rivers of their energy potential. 4. In fact, stupendou s energy would be needed for the rivers to jump over the natural water divides and topo-barriers. . Rainfall and water availability is regulated by the monsoons, resulting in a highly bimodal annual river flow and moisture regime with consequential seasonal lows (droughts) and highs (floods). River linking shall sure as shooting aggravate both droughts and floods by superimposition of the situation in each of the linked rivers. 6. Such linkages could possibly be thought of in more clement latitudes with a more homogeneous annual moisture/flow regime. However, the Soviet experience of river diversion has even then been catastrophic, resulting on the devastation of the Aral Sea. . A river is not a mere flow channel, but a holistic system encompassing the whole basin water divide, catchment, valley and springtime point. Any alteration shall affect the whole system and even expedite microclimatic changes. 8. Inestimable loss of natural biodiversity, wild cultivars and plant gene b anks shall necessarily follow river linking to disrupting the regional food chain operation. 9. Monsoonal rain on the disruptive catchments shall cause excessive siltation-related problems in the linking systems. 10.Careful scrutiny of the state of environmental wellness of various rivers should have been first made before clean rivers are linked very filthy rivers. 11. River linking shall inevitably lead to an alteration of the seasonal water availability pattern and the possibility of upsetting the evapo-transpiration balance. 12. An inevitable change in the cropping pattern from excessively irrigated lands after river-linking shall cause a major increase in methane and other gases that contribute to global warming. 13. Land adulteration shall also be inescapably aggravated. 4. The colossal estimated cost will surely jeopardise the national economy for decades and force diversion of funds from the more essential needs of the vast majority of rural poor. 15. The inter-state an d international ramifications of shared riparian systems would certainly open the floodgates for a civil war situation and serious discord with Indias neighbours. Not only is any such proposal for inter-basin transfers totally repugnant to all natural and economic logic, but shall alter the subcontinents geographical configuration.In the ultimate analysis, the proposal shall signal the termination knell of our river systems that provide the principal source of sustenance and encompass social, heathen and religious traditions. INTERLINKING MAJOR RIVERS WILL REDUCE FARMER SUCIDES The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) hasdrawn out a blue grade for implementing the project with the help of images collected from the Remote Sensing and Cartosat satellites launched by it in 2007 and 2008.Though the UPA government which came to power in 2004 had included the inter linking of peninsular Indian rivers as one of the top priorities in its Common Minimum class nothing was heard abou t it afterwards. India and Pakistan are locked in water war over the construction of power projects on Jhelum on their respective territories. Snow-fed rivers like Ganga, Indus and Brahmaputra, which originate in the Himalayas, and their tributaries are perennial. They continue to flow throughout the year. During monsoons, they tend to overflow and inundate large flood prone areas and cause loss of ife, livestock, crops and property. Rain-fed rivers like Luni in Rajasthan remain dry for most part of the year because the rainfall is scanty in that area resulting in drought like conditions. The volume of water in the west flowing rivers of Central Highlands, Narmada and Tapti is straight off proportional to the amount of rainfall received during the monsoon season. Hence, there is a eer an element of uncertainty in availability of water. To the North of the Vindhyas, the Malwa plateau and the Chhotanagpur Plateau of Jharkhand are comparatively better placed as they are bushed(p) by steady Ganga and Yamuna.But due to the absence of adequate river valley projects a large quantity of water wastefully flows into the Bay of Bengal through Ganga-Brahmaputra delta. In the peninsular region too, the rainfall is uneven, While the Western Ghats receive high rainfall, the Eastern Ghats receive very less. States like Tamil Nadu lie in the r tin shadow area and get little rainfall from advancing South West monsoons. The East flowing rivers of the Deccan Plateau-Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna and Cauvery enfeeble this area. seasonal worker RIVERS OF THE SOUTHTo overcome the problems of flood and drought a whopping Rs. 5,60,000 crore river linkage project has been envisaged. The perennial and often inundating rivers of the north will be attached with the dwindling and rather seasonal rivers of -the south through a network of canals so that the former are stopped from overflowing and the latter are regularly replenished, curbing floods and famines at the same time. The projec t will also ensure regular, adequate and timely supply of water to all parts of the country for agriculture, industry and consumption. Of the three big Himalayan rivers, Indus has been left out because there is a natural connectivity in the shape of its tributaries like Sutlej, Beas and Jhelum which drain and well cater to the needs of the Indian part of the Indus basin. Water from Brahmaputra shall flow into Ganga. Two main headwaters in the ,Himalayas the Bhagirathi and the Alaknanda join at Devprayag and flow as Ganga thereafter. It enters Northern plain at Haridwar. Yamuna joins it at Allahabad. Yamuna, in turn, is joined by its tributaries like Chambal, Sind, Betwa and Ken. Sone joins Ganga directly andDamodar joins its distributor Hooghli. As the Ganga river system drains the States of Haryana, Southern Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and major parts of West Bengal many times its water falls short of the required quantity. Linking Ganga with Brahmaputra shall solve this problem. Brahma- putra carries a tremendous volume of water. When it enters India at Namcha Barwa the undercutting through with(p) by this powerful river is of the order of 5500 meters. With the eastern States receiving rotund rainfall during monsoon, season the danger of floods looms large in many areas of Assam and Bihar nigh every year.The linkage will mean diversion of . excess water from Brahmaputra into Ganges ,and this problem of floods shall be taken care of automatically. Ganga will be connected to Mahanadi and Godavari. This, will boost agriculture in the States of Orissa, Chhattisgarh, Andhra Pradesh and Maharashtra. Godavari will be further linked to Krishna, Pennar and Cauvery replenishing their depleting, waters. It will help Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and many parts of the Eastern ghats and the rain shadow areas of the South which get little rainfall from the advancing monsoons.This will bring smile on the faces of the farmers of the South many of which committed or contemplated suicide due to crop failures. This may also solve the dispute between Tamil Nadu and Karnataka over sharing of Cauvery waters. Narmada will flow into Tapi helping mainly the farmers around Satpura range. Yamuna will flow into Sabarmati which, in turn, will be linked to Luni. It will benefit many areas of Gujarat and the empty state of Rajasthan. Thar desert of today may become the prosperous Sahara in future, who knows?